The Qur'an refers to the attributes of God as God's “most beautiful names” (Arabic: al-ʾasmāʾ al-ḥusnā) (see [Qur'an 7:180], [Qur'an 17:110], [Qur'an 20:8], [Qur'an 59:24]). According to Gerhard Böwering,
They are traditionally enumerated as 99 in number to which is added as the highest name (al-ism al-ʾaʿẓam), the supreme name of God, Allāh. The locus classicus for listing the divine names in the literature of qurʾānic commentary is [Qur'an 17:110], “Call upon God, or call upon the merciful; whichsoever you call upon, to him belong the most beautiful names,” and also [Qur'an 59:22] q 59:22-4, which includes a cluster of more than a dozen divine epithets.
Islamic theology makes a distinction between the attributes of God and the divine essence.
Below is a list of the 99 Names of God according to the tradition of Islam.
Arabic | Transliteration | Translation (can vary based on context) |
---|---|---|
الرحمن | Ar-Rahmān | The All Beneficent, The Most Merciful in Essence, The Compassionate, The Most Gracious |
الرحيم | Ar-Rahīm | The Most Merciful, The Most Merciful in Actions |
الملك | Al-Malik | The Owner, The Sovereign, The True and Ultimate King |
القدوس | Al-Quddūs | The Most Holy, The Most Pure, The Most Perfect |
السلام | As-Salām | The Peace and Blessing, The Source of Peace and Safety, The Most Perfect |
المؤمن | Al-Mu'min | The Guarantor, The Self Affirming, The Granter of Security, The Affirmer of Truth |
المهيمن | Al-Muhaymin | The Guardian, The Preserver, The Overseeing Protector |
العزيز | Al-ʿAzīz | The Almighty, The Self Sufficient, The Most Honorable |
الجبار | Al-Jabbār | The Powerful, The Irresistible, The Compeller, The Most Lofty, The Restorer/Improver of Affairs |
المتكبر | Al-Mutakabbir | The Tremendous |
الخالق | Al-Khāliq | The Creator |
البارئ | Al-Bāri' | The Rightful |
المصور | Al-Muṣawwir | The Fashioner of Forms |
الغفار | Al-Ghaffār | The Ever Forgiving |
القهار | Al-Qahhār | The All Compelling Subduer |
الوهاب | Al-Wahhāb | The Bestower |
الرزاق | Ar-Razzāq | The Ever Providing |
الفتاح | Al-Fattāh | The Opener, The Victory Giver |
العليم | Al-ʿAlīm | The All Knowing, The Omniscient |
القابض | Al-Qābiḍ | The Restrainer, The Straightener |
الباسط | Al-Bāsiṭ | The Expander, The Munificent |
الخافض | Al-Khāfiḍ | The Abaser |
الرافع | Ar-Rāfiʿ | The Exalter |
المعز | Al-Muʿizz | The Giver of Honour |
المذل | Al-Mu'dhell | The Giver of Dishonour |
السميع | As-Samīʿ | The All Hearing |
البصير | Al-Baṣīr | The All Seeing |
الحكم | Al-Ḥakam | The Judge, The Arbitrator |
العدل | Al-`Adl | The Utterly Just |
اللطيف | Al-Laṭīf | The Gentle, The Subtly Kind |
الخبير | Al-Khabīr | The All Aware |
الحليم | Al-Ḥalīm | The Forbearing, The Indulgent |
العظيم | Al-ʿAẓīm | The Magnificent, The Infinite |
الغفور | Al-Ghafūr | The All Forgiving |
الشكور | Ash-Shakūr | The Grateful |
العلي | Al-ʿAliyy | The Sublimely Exalted |
الكبير | Al-Kabīr | The Great |
الحفيظ | Al-Ḥafīẓ | The Preserver |
المقيت | Al-Muqīt | The Nourisher |
الحسيب | Al-Ḥasīb | The Bringer of Judgment |
الجليل | Al-Jalīl | The Majestic |
الكريم | Al-Karīm | The Bountiful, The Generous |
الرقيب | Ar-Raqīb | The Watchful |
المجيب | Al-Mujīb | The Responsive, The Answerer |
الواسع | Al-Wāsiʿ | The Vast, The All Encompassing |
الحكيم | Al-Ḥakīm | The Wise |
الودود | Al-Wadūd | Oft-Forgiving |
المجيد | Al-Majīd | The All Glorious |
الباعث | Al-Bāʿith | The Raiser of The Dead |
الشهيد | Ash-Shahīd | The Witness |
الحق | Al-Ḥaqq | The Truth, The Real |
الوكيل | Al-Wakīl | The Trustee, The Dependable |
القوى | Al-Qawwiyy | The Strong |
المتين | Al-Matīn | The Firm, The Steadfast |
الولى | Al-Waliyy | The Protecting Friend, Patron and Helper |
الحميد | Al-Hamid | The All Praiseworthy |
المحصى | Al-Muḥṣi | The Accounter, The Numberer of All |
المبدئ | Al-Mubdi' | The Producer, Originator, and Initiator of All |
المعيد | Al-Muʿīd | The Restorer, The Reinstater Who Brings Back All |
المحيى | Al-Muḥyi | The Giver of Life |
المميت | Al-Mumīt | The Bringer of Death, The Destroyer |
الحي | Al-Ḥayy | The Ever Living |
القيوم | Al-Qayyūm | The Self Subsisting Provider of All |
الواجد | Al-Wājid | The Perceiver, The Finder, The Unfailing |
الماجد | Al-Mājid | The Illustrious, The Magnificent |
الواحد | Al-Wāḥid | The One, The Unique, Manifestation of Unity |
الاحد | Al-'Aḥad | The One, the All Inclusive, The Indivisible |
الصمد | Aṣ-Ṣamad | The Self Sufficient, The Impregnable, The Eternally Besought of All, The Everlasting |
القادر | Al-Qādir | The All Able |
المقتدر | Al-Muqtadir | The All Determiner, The Dominant |
المقدم | Al-Muqaddim | The Expediter, He Who Brings Forward |
المؤخر | Al-Mu'akhkhir | The Delayer, He Who Puts Far Away |
الأول | Al-'Awwal | The First (Alpha) |
الأخر | Al-'Akhir | The Last (Omega) |
الظاهر | Aẓ-Zāhir | The Manifest, The All Victorious |
الباطن | Al-Bāṭin | The Hidden, The All Encompassing |
الوالي | Al-Wāli | The Patron |
المتعالي | Al-Mutāʿali | The Self Exalted |
البر | Al-Barr | The Most Kind and Righteous |
التواب | At-Tawwāb | The Ever Returning, Ever Relenting |
المنتقم | Al-Muntaqim | The Avenger |
العفو | Al-ʿAfuww | The Pardoner, The Effacer of Sins |
الرؤوف | Ar-Ra'ūf | The Compassionate, The All Pitying |
مالك الملك | Mālik-ul-Mulk | The Owner of All Sovereignty |
ذو الجلال والإكرام | Dhū-l-Jalāli wa-l-'ikrām | The Lord of Majesty and Generosity |
المقسط | Al-Muqsiţ | The Equitable, The Requiter |
الجامع | Al-Jāmiʿ | The Gatherer, The Unifier |
الغني | Al-Ghaniyy | The All Rich, The Independent |
المغني | Al-Mughni | The Enricher, The Emancipator |
المانع | Al-Māniʿ | The Withholder, The Shielder, the Defender |
الضار | Aḍ-Ḍārr | The Distressor, The Harmer, The Afflictor |
النافع | An-Nāfiʿ | The Propitious, The Benefactor |
النور | An-Nūr | The One Who Creates the Light of Belief in the Hearts of All the Believers |
الهادي | Al-Hādi | The Guide |
البديع | Al-Badīʿ | The Incomparable, The Originator |
الباقي | Al-Bāqi | The Ever Enduring and Immutable |
الوارث | Al-Wārith | The Heir, The Inheritor of All |
الرشيد | Ar-Rashīd | The Guide, Infallible Teacher and Knower |
الصبور | Aṣ-Ṣabur | The Patient, The Timeless. |
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