Tuesday, September 1, 2026

Qaḍā Rulings for Qaṣr, Illness, and Delivery: Special Cases in Ṣalāĥ

Qada of Qasr Salah

If the Qaḍā Ṣalāĥ missed in travelling state is to be offered in settled state, it will be offered Qaṣr (curtailed) and if the Qaḍā Ṣalāĥ missed in settled state is to be offered in travelling state, it will be offered completely i.e. curtailing will not be done.

(Fatāwā-e-'Ālamgīrī, pp. 121, vol. 1)

Ṣalāĥ of Apostasy Period

Allāĥ عَزَّوَجَلَّ forbid, if someone became apostate and then embraced Islam again, he is not required to offer the Qaḍā of the Ṣalāĥ missed during the period of apostasy. However, it is Wājib to offer the Qaḍā of the Ṣalāĥ missed in the state of Islam before becoming apostate.

(Rad-dul-Muḥtār, pp. 647, vol. 2)

Ṣalāĥ at the Time of Delivery

If the midwife fears that the baby would die in case of offering Ṣalāĥ, it is a valid reason for her to miss Ṣalāĥ in this situation. If the head of the baby came out and there is a fear that the time of Ṣalāĥ would end before the start of Postnatal Bleeding, it is Farḍ for the mother to offer the Ṣalāĥ even in this condition; if she does not offer the Ṣalāĥ, she will be a sinner. Ṣalāĥ should be offered by keeping the head of the baby in some dish etc. in such a careful way that it is not harmed. However, if there is a fear of the baby's death in case of offering Ṣalāĥ even in this way, delay is exempted. Qaḍā of this Ṣalāĥ is to be offered after the termination of postnatal bleeding.

(Rad-dul-Muḥtār, pp. 627, vol. 2)

In which Condition a Patient is exempted from Ṣalāĥ?

The patient who is not in a condition to offer Ṣalāĥ even by gestures is exempted from offering Ṣalāĥ provided that the same condition lasts up to the next six (consecutive) Ṣalāĥ; offering Qaḍā of Ṣalāĥ missed under this condition is not Wājib.

(Fatāwa-e-'Ālamgīrī, pp. 121, vol. 1)

Repeating the Ṣalāĥ of Lifetime

If there was an imperfection or repugnance in somebody's Ṣalāĥ, it is good for him to repeat all Ṣalāĥ of his past lifetime. If there was no imperfection, repeating the Ṣalāĥ is not advisable. However, if he still repeats, he should not offer such Ṣalāĥ after Fajr and 'Aṣr; a Sūraĥ should also be recited after Sūra-e-Fātiḥaĥ in all Rak'āt. In Witr, after reciting Qunūt and performing Qa'dah, he should add one more Rak'at to make four in all.

(Fatāwā-e-'Ālamgīrī, pp. 124, vol. 1)

If Forgot to Utter the Word 'Qaḍā', then……?

A'lā Ḥaḍrat Maulānā Shāĥ Imām Aḥmad Razā Khān عَلَيْهِ رَحْمَةُ اللّٰہِ الرَّحْمٰن says, "Our scholars approve that offering Qaḍā with the intention of Adā and offering Adā with intention of Qaḍā, both are valid."

(Fatāwā Raḍawiyyah (Jad Īd), pp. 161, vol. 8)

Offer Qaḍā Ṣalāĥ of Lifetime in Place of Nawāfil

Offering Qaḍā Ṣalāĥ is more important than offering supererogatory Ṣalāĥ i.e. when one has time to offer Nafl Ṣalāĥ, he should offer Qaḍā Ṣalāĥ instead of Nafl Ṣalāĥ so that he gets relieved of the obligation; however, he must not leave Tarāwīḥ and twelve daily Rak'āt of Sunnat-e-Muakkadaĥ.

(Bahār-e-Sharī'at, pp. 706, vol. 1)

Offering Nafl is not Permissible after Fajr and 'Aṣr Ṣalāĥ

After Fajr and 'Aṣr, it is Makrūh (Taḥrīmī) to offer all the intentional Nawāfil including Taḥiyya-tul-Masjid and every such Ṣalāĥ that became due on account of some external reason such as Nawāfil of Ṭawāf and votive; likewise, there is the same ruling for every such Ṣalāĥ that was cancelled having been initiated even if it is Sunnaĥ Ṣalāĥ of Fajr or 'Aṣr.

(Dur-re-Mukhtār, pp. 44, 45, vol. 2)

There is no specific timing for offering Qaḍā Ṣalāĥ, one may fulfil this obligation at any time during life; but it should not be offered at Sunrise, Sunset and Mid-Day (Zavāl) as Ṣalāĥ is not permissible at these times.

(Bahār-e-Sharī'at, pp. 702, vol. 1, 'Alamgīrī, pp. 52, vol. 1)

What to do if Four (4) Sunan of Ẓuhar are Missed?

In case of offering the Farḍ of Ẓuhar Ṣalāĥ first, offer the four Rak'āt of preceding Sunnaĥ Ṣalāĥ after offering two Rak'āt of succeeding Sunnaĥ Ṣalāĥ. Therefore A'lā Ḥaḍrat عَلَيْهِ رَحْمَةُ اللّٰہِ تَعَالٰی states, "The four Rak'āt of preceding Sunnaĥ Ṣalāĥ, if not offered prior to Farḍ Ṣalāĥ, should be offered after Farḍ Ṣalāĥ preferably after offering succeeding Sunnaĥ Ṣalāĥ (two cycles) as per superior decree of Islamic Jurisprudence, provided Ẓuhar timing has not yet elapsed."

(Fatāwā Raḍawiyyaĥ (Jad Īd), pp. 148, vol. 8)

What to do if Sunan of Fajr are Missed?

If there is a risk of missing the congregational Ṣalāĥ of Fajr on account of offering Sunan of Fajr, one should join congregational Ṣalāĥ leaving the Sunan. But offering the missed Sunan after the Salām (of Farḍ) is not permissible. It is Mustaḥab to offer it twenty minutes after the Sunrise but before Ḍaḥwa-e-Kubrā.

Is Time Span for Maghrib Ṣalāĥ Really Short?

The time of Maghrib Ṣalāĥ is from sunset up to the start of timings of 'Ishā Ṣalāĥ. The duration of Maghrib timings increases and decreases according to location and date. For example, in Bāb-ul-Madīnaĥ Karachi, minimum duration of Maghrib Ṣalāĥ is 1 hour and 18 minutes as per calendar of Ṣalāĥ timings. Islamic Scholars say: "Except for the cloudy days, early offering of Maghrib Ṣalāĥ is Mustaḥab. Making a delay for as long as two Rak'āt of Ṣalāĥ may be offered is Makrūh-e-Tanzīhī and making a delay such that stars get mixed up without a valid reason such as journey or sickness is Makrūh-e-Taḥrīmī."

(Bahār-e-Sharī'at, pp. 453, vol. 1)

A'lā Ḥaḍrat Maulānā Shāĥ Imām Aḥmad Razā Khān عَلَيْهِ رَحْمَةُ اللّٰہِ الرَّحْمٰن states, "Mustaḥab time of offering Maghrib Ṣalāĥ is up to the clear appearance of stars; making such a delay that small stars (in addition to the big ones) also start glittering is Makrūh (Taḥrīmī)."

(Fatāwā Raḍawiyyaĥ (Jad Īd), pp. 153, vol. 5)

The Rak'āt of Sunnaĥ Ṣalāĥ offered before Farḍ Ṣalāĥ of 'Aṣr and 'Ishā are Sunnaĥ-e-Ghaīr Muakkadaĥ and, therefore, it is not necessary to offer them as Qaḍā, if missed.

What is the Ruling Regarding Qaḍā of Tarāwīḥ?

If Tarāwīḥ is missed, there is no Qaḍā for it; neither in congregation nor individually. If someone offers Qaḍā of Tarāwīḥ, they will be regarded as Nafl; these Nawāfil would have nothing to do with Tarāwīḥ.

(Tanvīr-ul-Abṣār & Dur-re-Mukhtār, pp. 598, vol. 2)

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