Tuesday, September 1, 2026

The History and Blessings of Jumu'aĥ: From the First Friday to Trimming Nails

When did our Prophet offer his first Jumu'aĥ Ṣalāĥ?

'Allāmaĥ Maulānā Sayyid Muhammad Na'īmuddīn Murādābādī عَلَيْهِ رَحْمَةُ اللّٰہِ الوالِی has said, 'When the Holy Prophet صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم was on his way to Madīnaĥ for migration, he stopped at a place called Qubā at the time of Chāsht on Monday, 12th Rabī'-ul-Awwal. He صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم stayed there for four days (Monday to Thursday); during the stay, he صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم laid the foundation stone of a Masjid. On Friday, he صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم proceeded towards Madīnaĥ. When they reached the area of the Banī Sālim Ibn 'Awf, it was time to offer the Jumu'aĥ Ṣalāĥ; people consecrated that place as Masjid where the Holy Prophet صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم offered the (first) Jumu'aĥ Ṣalāĥ and delivered a sermon.

(Khazāin-ul-'Irfān, pp. 884)

اَلْحَمْدُ لِلّٰہ! The glorious Masjid-ul-Jumu'aĥ still exists there; the visitors behold the Masjid for the attainment of blessings and offer Nafl Ṣalāĥ over there.

Meaning of the word 'Jumu'aĥ'

The renowned commentator of the Holy Quran, Ḥakīm-ul-Ummat Muftī Aḥmad Yār Khān عَلَيْهِ رَحْمَةُ اللّٰہِ الكَانَان has stated, 'As all the creatures assembled in their beings on this day and the completion of the creation took place on the very same day, clay for Sayyidunā Ādam عَلٰی نَبِيِّنَا وَعَلَيْهِ الصَّلٰوةُ وَالسَّلَام was also collected on this day; similarly, people congregate and perform the Friday Ṣalāĥ on this day; therefore, it is called Jumu'aĥ on account of the aforementioned reasons. Before the advent of Islam, the Arabs used to call it 'Arūbaĥ.'

(Mirāt-ul-Manājīĥ, vol. 2, pp. 317)

How many times Holy Prophet offered Jumu'aĥ Ṣalāĥ?

A renowned commentator of the Holy Quran, Ḥakīm-ul-Ummat Muftī Aḥmad Yār Khān عَلَيْهِ رَحْمَةُ اللّٰہِ الكَانَان has stated, 'The Beloved and Blessed Rasūl صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم offered almost 500 Jumu'aĥ Ṣalāĥ as offering of Jumu'aĥ Ṣalāĥ commenced subsequent to the migration after which the total period of the apparent life of the Holy Prophet صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم is ten years and there are 500 Fridays in ten years' period.'

(Mirāĥ, vol. 2, pp. 346 – Lam'āt ish-Shaykh 'Abdul Ḥaq Dihlvī, vol. 4, pp. 190, Ḥadīš 1415)

صَلُّوْا عَلَى الْحَبِيْبِ ۞ صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلٰی مُحَمَّد

Seal on heart

The Beloved Rasūl صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم has said, 'Allah عَزَّوَجَلَّ will seal off the heart of the one abandoning three Jumu'aĥ's Ṣalāĥ out of laziness.'

(Jāmi' Tirmiżī, vol. 2, pp. 38, Ḥadīš 500)

Jumu'aĥ Ṣalāĥ is Farḍ-e-'Ayn and its Farḍiyyat (obligation) is more emphatic than that of Ṣalāt-uz-Ẓuhr; the denier of its obligation is Kāfir (unbeliever).

(Durr-e-Mukhtār, vol. 3, pp. 5 – Bahār-e-Sharī'at, vol. 1, pp. 762)

Excellence of wearing 'Imāmaĥ on Friday

The Holy Prophet صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم said, 'Indeed, Allah عَزَّوَجَلَّ and His angels send Ṣalāt upon those who wear 'Imāmaĥ (turban) on Friday.'

(Majma'-uz-Zawāid, vol. 2, pp. 394, Ḥadīš 3075)

Cure is bestowed

Sayyidunā Ḥumayd Bin 'Abdur Raḥmān رَضِیَ اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَنْهُمَا has narrated via his father, 'The one who trims his nails on Friday, Allah عَزَّوَجَلَّ removes his disease and bless him with cure.'

(Muṣannaf Ibn Abī Shaybaĥ, vol. 2, pp. 65)

Protection from afflictions up to ten days

Ṣadr-ush-Sharī'aĥ Badr-uṭ-Ṭarīqaĥ 'Allāmaĥ Maulānā Muhammad Amjad 'Alī A'ẓamī عَلَيْهِ رَحْمَةُ اللّٰہِ القَوِيّ has said: It is stated in a blessed Ḥadīš that the one who trims his nails on Friday, Allah عَزَّوَجَلَّ will protect him from afflictions up to the next Friday including three more days, i.e. ten days in total. In accordance with one more narration, 'The one trimming his nails on Friday, mercy will approach (him) and (his) sins will be removed.'

(Bahār-e-Sharī'at, part 16, pp. 226 – Durr-e-Mukhtār, Rad-dul-Muḥtār, vol. 9, pp. 668-669)

A cause of reduction in sustenance

Ṣadr-ush-Sharī'aĥ Badr-uṭ-Ṭarīqaĥ 'Allāmaĥ Maulānā Muhammad Amjad 'Alī A'ẓamī عَلَيْهِ رَحْمَةُ اللّٰہِ القَوِيّ has said, 'Although it is preferable to trim nails on Friday, yet if the nails are very long; one should not wait till Friday as growing long nails is a cause of reduction in sustenance.'

(Bahār-e-Sharī'at, part 16, pp. 225)

Angels write the names of the fortunate ones

The Beloved Prophet صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم said, 'At the onset of the day of Friday, the angels register the names of comers at the gateway of the Masjid. They record names in chronological order. The early comer is like the one who gives Ṣadaqaĥ of a camel in the path of Allah. The next comer is like the one who gives a cow and the next one is like the donor of a sheep; then the next one is like the donor of a hen and then the next one is like the donor of an egg. When the Imām sits (to deliver the sermon), the angels close the Books of Deeds and come to listen to the sermon.'

(Ṣaḥīḥ Bukhārī, vol. 1, pp. 319, Ḥadīš 929)

The renowned commentator of the Holy Quran, Ḥakīm-ul-Ummat Muftī Aḥmad Yār Khān Na'īmī رَحْمَةُ اللّٰہِ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْه has stated, 'Some scholars have said that the angels stay (at the doors of the Masjid) from dawn whereas some other opine they stay from sunrise; the stronger opinion, however, is that they come and stay when the sun begins to decline (from zenith) because it is the instant when timing of Jumu'aĥ (Ṣalāĥ) begins.' The foregoing narration also clearly indicates that those who know the names of every comer. It is noteworthy that if 100 people enter the Masjid initially, they all would be regarded as the first-comer.

(Mirāt-ul-Manājīĥ, vol. 2, pp. 335)

The enthusiasm for offering Jumu'aĥ Ṣalāĥ in the first century

Ḥujjat-ul-Islam Sayyidunā Imām Muhammad Bin Muhammad Bin Muhammad Ghazālī عَلَيْهِ رَحْمَةُ اللّٰہِ الوالِی has said, 'During the first century, people used to proceed towards the Jāmi' Masjid at the time of Saĥrī and after Ṣalāt-ul-Fajr holding lamps in their hands for offering Ṣalāt-ul-Jumu'aĥ. There used to be so huge crowd in the streets that it would seem as if it was the day of Eid, but gradually, this spirit died out. Thus, it is said that the very first Bid'aĥ (innovation) that evolved in Islam is the abandonment of early proceeding towards the Jāmi' Masjid.

Regretfully, the Muslims do not feel ashamed that Jews proceed towards their places of worship in the early morning on Saturday and Sunday; further, seekers of worldly luxuries also head towards the marketplace in the early morning for trading and earning wealth; so, why don't the seekers of the Hereafter compete with such people!'

(Iḥyā-ul-'Ulūm, vol. 1, pp. 246)

A Masjid where Ṣalāt-ul-Jumu'aĥ is offered, is called a Jāmī' (main) Masjid.

صَلُّوْا عَلَى الْحَبِيْبِ ۞ صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلٰی مُحَمَّد

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