Tuesday, September 1, 2026

Missing the Primary Jamā'at, Witr's Nine Pearls, and Seventeen Rulings on Sajda-e-Sahw

Fear of Losing Faith at the Time of Death

It is not allowed at all to miss the primary Jamā'at of Farḍ Ṣalāh held in Masjid on account of attending Ifṭār-dinner, ceremonies, Niyāz (meal served to send Šawāb to the saints) and Na'at-reciting etc. In case of holding the Jamā'at of Tarāwīḥ at home or in a hall or a bungalow, It is Wājib to offer the Farḍ-Rak'at (of 'Ishā Ṣalāh) with the primary Jamā'at in the Masjid first if there is a Masjid in the vicinity. Those not offering Farḍ Ṣalāh with the primary Jamā'at held in Masjid without a Shar'ī exemption despite having capability should fear. There is an alarming saying of the Holy Prophet صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم, 'The one liking to meet Allāh عَزَّوَجَلَّ in the state of being a Muslim tomorrow (the Judgement Day) should regularly offer these five Ṣalāh with Jamā'at at the place where the Ażān is uttered, for Allāh has rendered Sunan-e-Hudā as Mashrū' for your Prophet صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم and Ṣalāh with Jamā'at is also one of the Sunan-e-Hudā. If you give up your Prophet's Sunnah, you will deviate from the right path.' (Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, pp. 328, Ḥadīś 654) The foregoing Ḥadīś indicates that the one offering Ṣalāh with the primary Jamā'at (of the Masjid) regularly will have a good end (die with faith) whereas the one abandoning the primary Jamā'at of the Masjid without a Shar'ī exemption is in the danger of dying in the state of Kufr (disbelief).

Yā Rab عَزَّوَجَلَّ of Muṣṭafā صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم! Grant us the privilege of regularly offering five-time daily Ṣalāh with the Takbīr-e-Aūlā at the primary Ṣaf of the Masjid.

Excellence of Ṣalāt-'Alan-Nabī

The Beloved Rasūl صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم has stated, 'The one who recites Ṣalāt upon me ten times in the morning and ten times in the evening will be granted my intercession on the Day of Judgement.'

(Majma'-uz-Zawāid lil-Ḥaysham̄i, vol. 10, pp. 163, Ḥadīš 17022)

Nine Madanī Pearls about Ṣalāh of Witr

1.     Witr Ṣalāh is Wājib.

2.     If Witr Ṣalāh is missed, it is mandatory to offer it as Qaḍā.

(Fatāwā-e-'Ālamgīrī, pp. 111, vol. 1)

3.     The time for Witr begins after the offering of the Farḍ of 'Ishā and remains up to Ṣubḥ-e-Ṣādiq (dawn).

(Marāqil falāh ma' Ḥāshiya-tut-Taḥṭāwī, P178)

4.     The one who can get up at night having slept, it is preferable for him to offer Tahajjud (first) and then Witr Ṣalāh in the later part of the night having woken up from sleep.

5.     The Witr Ṣalāh consists of three Rak'āt.

(Dur-re-Mukhtār, pp. 532, vol. 2)

6.     The first Qa'dah is Wājib; recite only Tashaĥĥud and then stand up (for the third Rak'at).

7.     In the third Rak'at, it is Wājib to utter the Takbīr-e-Qunūt after the Qirā-at.

(Bahār-e-Sharī'at, pp. 521, vol. 1)

8.     Just like Takbīr-e-Taḥrīmah, raise the hands up to ears first and then utter اَللّٰهُ اَكْبَرُ (for Takbīr-e-Qunūt).

9.     Then fold hands and recite Du'ā-e-Qunūt.

Du'ā-e-Qunūt

اَللّٰهُمَّ إِنَّا نَسْتَعِيْنُكَ وَنَسْتَغْفِرُكَ وَنُؤْمِنُ بِكَ وَنَتَوَكَّلُ عَلَيْكَ وَنُثْنِيْ عَلَيْكَ الْخَيْرَ وَنَشْكُرُكَ وَلَا نَكْفُرُكَ وَنَخْلَعُ وَنَتْرُكُ مَنْ يَّفْجُرُكَ اَللّٰهُمَّ إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَلَكَ نُصَلِّيْ وَنَسْجُدُ وَإِلَيْكَ نَسْعٰى وَنَحْفِدُ نَرْجُوْ رَحْمَتَكَ وَنَخْشٰى عَذَابَكَ إِنَّ عَذَابَكَ بِالْكُفَّارِ مُلْحِقٌ

O Allāh عَزَّوَجَلَّ! We seek Your help and we seek forgiveness from You and we have belief in You and we glorify You and we are grateful to You and we are not ungrateful to You and we abandon and stay away from anyone who disobeys You. Yā Allāh عَزَّوَجَلَّ! It is only You we worship and for only You we offer Ṣalāh and perform Sajdah and it is You we run towards and we come in attendance to serve You and seek Your mercy and we fear torment from You; indeed Your torment is about to arrest the non-believers.

10. Reciting Durūd Sharīf after Du'ā-e-Qunūt is preferable.

(Bahār-e-Sharī'at, pp. 655, vol. 1) (Dur-re-Mukhtār, pp. 534, vol. 2)

11. Those who cannot recite Du'ā-e-Qunūt may recite:

(اَللّٰهُمَّ) رَبَّنَآ اٰتِنَا فِى الدُّنْيَا حَسَنَةً

وَفِى الْاٰخِرَةِ حَسَنَةً وَّقِنَا عَذَابَ النَّارِ

(O Allah عَزَّوَجَلَّ) Our Lord! Grant us good in this world and good in the Hereafter and save us from the torment of hell-fire.

Or they can recite this اَللّٰهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِيْ (Yā Allāh عَزَّوَجَلَّ! Forgive me).

(Ghunya, pp. 418)

12. If someone forgot to recite Du'ā-e-Qunūt and bent for Rukū', he should not return to Qiyām; instead, he has to do Sajda-e-Sahw.

('Alamgīrī, vol. 1, pp. 111, 128)

13. In case of offering Witr with Jamā'at (as usually offered in Ramaḍān), if the Imām bends for Rukū' before the Muqtadī finishes Du'ā-e-Qunūt, the Muqtadī should also bend for Rukū' following the Imām (without completing his Du'ā-e-Qunūt).

('Alamgīrī, vol. 1, pp. 111 – Rad-dul-Muḥtār, vol. 2, pp. 540)

Sajda-e-Sahw

1.     If any Wājib act of Ṣalāh is forgetfully missed or any Wājib or Farḍ act is forgetfully delayed, Sajda-e-Sahw becomes Wājib.

(Dur-Mukhtār, pp. 655, vol. 2)

2.     If the Sajda-e-Sahw that had become Wājib was not performed, it is now Wājib to repeat the whole Ṣalāh.

(ibid)

3.     If a Wājib was deliberately missed, Sajda-e-Sahw would not be sufficient; it is Wājib to repeat Ṣalāh in this case.

(ibid)

4.     In case of missing such a Wājib that does not pertain to the Wājibāt of Ṣalāh; instead, it pertains to such Wājibāt that are out of Ṣalāh, Sajda-e-Sahw will not be Wājib. For example, recitation of the Holy Qurān in the reverse order is the abandonment of a Wājib and a sin but it doesn't pertain to the Wājibāt of Ṣalāh; instead, it pertains to the Wājibāt of the recitation of the Holy Qurān. Therefore, Sajda-e-Sahw is not needed (but one has to repent).

(Rad-dul-Muḥtār, pp. 655, vol. 2)

5.     Missing a Farḍ results in the invalidation of Ṣalāh and Sajda-e-Sahw cannot make up for it; therefore, the Ṣalāh must be offered again.

(ibid, Ghunyah, pp. 455)

6.     Sajda-e-Sahw does not become Wājib in case of missing a Sunnah or Mustaḥabbāt like Šanā, Ta'aw-wuż, Tasmiyah, Āmīn, Takbīrs of Intiqālāt or Tasbīḥāt. Ṣalāh would be valid.

(ibid)

However, repeating such a Ṣalāh is Mustaḥab whether the Sunnah etc. was missed forgetfully or deliberately.

(Bahār-e-Sharī'at, pp. 709, vol. 1)

7.     Even if 10 Wājibāt were missed in Ṣalāh, only two Sujūd of Sahw are sufficient.

(Rad-dul-Muḥtār, vol. 2, pp. 655, Bahār-e-Sharī'at, pp. 710, vol. 1)

8.     In case of forgetting to maintain Ta'dīl-e-Arkān (e.g. standing erect after Rukū' or sitting straight between two Sujūd for the amount of time in which سُبْحَانَ اللّٰه can once be uttered), Sajda-e-Sahw will become Wājib.

('Alamgīrī, vol. 1, pp. 127)

9.     In case of forgetting to recite Du'ā-e-Qunūt or utter Takbīr-e-Qunūt, Sajda-e-Sahw will become Wājib.

(ibid, pp. 128)

10. If the amount of time in which سُبْحَانَ اللّٰه can be uttered thrice elapsed during Qirā-at etc. out of thinking, Sajda-e-Sahw would become Wājib.

(Rad-dul-Muḥtār, pp. 677, vol. 2)

11. Reciting اَلتَّحِيَّاتُ even after performing Sajda-e-Sahw is Wājib;

('Alamgīrī, vol. 1, pp. 125, vol. 1);

Perform Salām after reciting اَلتَّحِيَّاتُ. It is better to recite Durūd Sharīf as well in both sittings (i.e. before and after the Sajda-e-Sahw).

12. If the Imām did Sahw (mistake out of forgetfulness) and performed Sajda-e-Sahw on that account, Sajda-e-Sahw is Wājib for the Muqtadī as well.

(Rad-dul-Muḥtār, vol. 2, pp. 658)

13. If a Muqtadī did Sahw during Iqtidā, Sajda-e-Sahw is not Wājib for him. It is not needed to repeat the Ṣalāh either.

(Bahār-e-Sharī'at, pp. 715, vol. 1)

Very Important Ruling

Many Islamic brothers ruin their Ṣalāh due to unawareness of the following ruling, so read it very carefully.

14. It is not permissible for a Masbūq (the one joining the Jamā'at having missed one or more Rak'at) to perform Salām with the Imām; if he does so deliberately, his Ṣalāh will become invalid. If he immediately performs Salām with the Imām without any pause out of forgetfulness, though there is no harm in doing so, it is a very rare case. If he performs Salām forgetfully even a moment after the Imām's Salām, he has to stand up, complete his remaining Ṣalāh and perform Sajda-e-Sahw at the end.

(Bahār-e-Sharī'at, pp. 713, vol. 1, Fatāwā-e-Razavīyyah, pp. 238, vol. 7, Durr-e-Mukhtār, pp. 659, vol. 2)

15. If the Imām had already done Sahw before the Masbūq joined the Jamā'at, the Masbūq still has to perform Sajda-e-Sahw with the Imām. If he did not perform Sajda-e-Sahw with the Imām and stands up to offer his remaining Ṣalāh, he has to perform Sajda-e-Sahw while offering his missed Rak'at, only last two Sujūd of Sahw will be sufficient for the Sahw of the Imām as well as that of the Masbūq.

('Alamgīrī, vol. 1, pp. 128, Rad-dul-Muḥtār, pp. 659, vol. 2)

16. In case of reciting اَللّٰهُمَّ صَلِّ عَلٰی مُحَمَّد after Tashaĥĥud in the first Qa'dah, Sajda-e-Sahw will become Wājib, not because of the recitation of Durūd Sharīf, but because of delay in the Qiyām of the third Rak'at; therefore, if someone remained silent for the same amount of time, Sajda-e-Sahw would still become Wājib.

(Bahār-e-Sharī'at, pp. 713, vol. 1, Durr-e-Mukhtār, Rad-dul-Muḥtār, pp. 657, vol. 2)

A Parable

Ḥaḍrat Sayyidunā Imām Abū Ḥanīfah رحمه الله تعالٰی عليه beheld the Exalted Prophet صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم in dream. The Holy Prophet صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم asked him, "Why did you declare Sajda-e-Sahw Wājib for the reciter of Durūd Sharīf?" He رحمه الله تعالٰی عليه humbly replied, "(I did so) because he recited it forgetfully (in the state of heedlessness)." The blessed Prophet صَلَّى اللّٰہ تَعَالٰی عَلَيْهِ وَاٰلِهٖ وَسَلَّم liked this answer.

(ibid)

17. In case of missing any part of Tashaĥĥud in any Qa'dah (sitting), Sajda-e-Sahw will become Wājib whether the Ṣalāh is Nafl or Farḍ.

('Alamgīrī, vol. 1, pp. 127)

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