Evidence of the Intercession of the Prophet ﷺ
بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ
Allāh’s name I begin with, the Most
Gracious, the Most Merciful
Issue:
What do the scholars of religion say
regarding the issue of the Prophet (صَلَّى اللَّهُ
عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ) being an intercessor? Which hadith
establishes this? Please clarify, and you shall be rewarded.
Answer:
أَلْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الْبَصِيرِ السَّمِيعِ وَالصَّلَاةُ
وَالسَّلَامُ عَلَى الْبَشِيرِ الشَّفِيعِ وَعَلَى آلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ كُلَّ مَسَاءٍ
وَسَبِيَّعِ
All praise is due to Allah, the
All-Hearing, the All-Seeing, and blessings and peace be upon the Bearer of Glad
Tidings and the Intercessor, and upon his family and all his companions, every
evening and morning.
سُبْحَانَ
اللَّهِ! Hearing such a
question is astonishing, that Muslims and claimants of Sunnism fall into the
calamity of doubting such clear beliefs! This too is a sign of the nearness of
the Day of Judgement.
إِنَّا لِلَّهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ
“Indeed, we belong to Allah, and to Him we shall return.”
The hadiths regarding intercession
are not something hidden! Dozens of Companions, hundreds of Tabi'in, and
thousands of Hadith scholars are its narrators. The books of Hadith, whether
Ṣiḥāḥ, Sunan, Masānīd, Ma‘ājim, Jawāmi‘, and Muṣannafāt, are filled with them.
1. Ṣiḥāḥ (Authentic Collections): These
are hadith books in which only Ṣaḥīḥ (authentic) hadiths are included, such as
Ṣaḥīḥ al-Bukhārī and Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim.
2. Sunan: These are hadith books
arranged according to the chapters of Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) and contain
only hadiths related to legal rulings (Aḥkām), such as Sunan Abū Dāwūd.
3. Masānīd: These are hadith books in
which the narrations of each companion (ṣaḥābī) are compiled separately, such
as Musnad Imām Aḥmad.
4. Ma‘ājim: These are hadith books in
which narrations are arranged according to the names of the shaykhs (teachers of
the compiler), such as Mu‘jam al-Ṭabarānī.
5. Jawāmi‘: These are hadith books that
contain narrations under eight categories, which are: Siyar (biographies), Ādāb
(manners), Tafsīr (Qur'anic exegesis), ‘Aqā'id (beliefs), Fitan (tribulations),
Aḥkām (legal rulings), Ashrāṭ (signs of the end times), and Manāqib (virtues of
individuals or groups).
6. Muṣannafāt: These are hadith books
arranged according to the chapters of Fiqh, but they include marfū‘ (sayings of
the Prophet صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ),
mawqūf (sayings of the Companions), and maqtū‘ (sayings of the Successors).¹
Every member of Ahl al-Sunnah, even
women and children, and even uneducated villagers, is aware of this belief. The
vision of Allah and the intercession of Muhammad (صَلَّى
اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ) are matters that even children commonly
affirm.
صَلَّى
اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَبَارَكَ وَشَرَّفَ وَمَجَّدَ وَكَرَّمَ “May Allah send blessings and peace upon
him, grant him honour, elevate his status, and bestow upon him magnificence and
nobility.” This humble one, غفر الله تعالى له,
May Allah Almighty forgive him,
Has compiled numerous hadiths of
intercession in the treatise “Sam ‘wa ‘Ṭāah li Aḥādith al-Shaf‘āah”,
summarising and arranging them. Here, I will very concisely refer to forty
hadiths and, before them, recite a few Qur’anic verses on the subject.
References
¹
Jāmi‘ al-Aḥādith, vol. 1, p. 567
The
Qur’ānic First Verse:
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: عَسَى أَنْ
يَبْعَثَكَ رَبُّكَ مَقَامًا مَحْمُودًا
*Soon your Lord will elevate you upon a station where all
will praise you.*¹
In a noble habit, it was asked from
the Prophet (صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ),
“What is Maqām Maḥmūd?”
He replied: “(It is intercession.)”
The
Qur’ānic Second Verse:
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَلَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ
رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضَى
“And it is near that your Lord will certainly grant you so
much that you will be pleased.”²
In Musnad al-Firdaws by Daylami, it
is narrated from Amīr al-Mu'minīn, Mawl‘āAlī (رَضِيَ
اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) that when this verse was revealed, the Prophet (صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ) said:
“Then I will not be pleased if even
a single member of my Ummah remains in Hell.”
اللَّهُمَّ صَلِّ وَسَلِّمْ وَبَارِكْ
عَلَيْهِ
“O Allah! Send blessings, peace, and blessings upon him.”
In Mu‘jam al-Awsaṭ by Ṭabarānī and
Musnad by Bazzār, it is narrated from Mawlā al-Muslimīn (رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ) that the Prophet (صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ) said:
“I will intercede for my Ummah until
my Lord calls upon me: ‘O Muhammad! Are you now pleased? ’And I will reply: ‘O
my Lord! Yes, I am pleased.’”
References
¹
Al-Quran, Bani Isra`il, verse 79; translation from Kanz al-‘Irfān
²
Al-Quran, Al-Duha, verse 5; translation from Kanz al-‘Irfān
Third
Verse:
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَاسْتَغْفِرْ
لِذَنْبِكَ وَلِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ
*seek forgiveness for the sins of your close ones and the
believing men and women.*¹
In this verse, Allah commands His
beloved (صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ)
to seek forgiveness for Muslim men and women. And what is intercession except
this?
Fourth
Verse:
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَلَوْ أَنَّهُمْ
إِذْ ظَلَمُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ جَاءُوكَ فَاسْتَغْفَرُوا اللَّهَ وَاسْتَغْفَرَ
لَهُمُ الرَّسُولُ لَوَجَدُوا اللَّهَ تَوَّابًا رَحِيمًا
*And if, when they had wronged themselves [Dear Beloved
Prophet], they came to your court, then sought forgiveness from Allah, and the
Messenger had prayed for their forgiveness [too], then certainly they would
have found Allah to be Most-Accepting of repentance, Most-Merciful.*²
This verse commands the Muslims that
when they sin, they should come to the court of the Prophet (صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ) and request his
intercession, and that if the beloved (صَلَّى اللَّهُ
عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ) intercedes, Allah (عَزَّوَجَلَّ) will surely forgive them.
References
¹
Al-Quran, Muhammad, verse 19; translation from Kanz al-‘Irfān
²
Al-Quran, Al-Nisa`, verse 64; translation from Kanz al-‘Irfān
Fifth
Verse:
قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمْ
تَعَالَوْا يَسْتَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ لَوَّوْا رُؤُوسَهُمْ
*And when it is said to them, “Come, the Messenger of Allah
will seek forgiveness for you”, they turn their heads;*¹
In this verse, Allah describes the
condition of the hypocrites, that they do not seek the intercession of the
Prophet (صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ).
Hence, those who do not seek intercession today will not receive it tomorrow.
May Allah grant us the honor of
benefiting from the intercession of the Prophet (صَلَّى
اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ) in this world and the Hereafter.
صَلَّى اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى شَفِيعِ
الْمُذْنِبِينَ وَآلِهِ وَصَحْبِهِ وَحِزْبِهِ أَجْمَعِينَ
“May Allah send blessings upon the Intercessor of sinners,
and upon his family, companions, and all his followers.”
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