Construction
of Masjid Quba and the Start of Jumuah Salah
The first thing that the Final
Messenger of Allah (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ
وَسَلَّم) did in Quba was that he built a Masjid there. Sayyiduna
Kulthoom Bin Hidm (رَضِیَ اللهُ عَنْهُ)
had an empty piece of land, which was used to dry dates. He (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم) acquired that land
and laid the foundation of a Masjid there. This Masjid is still known as
“Masjid Quba” today.²
After staying there for more than
two weeks, the Beloved Prophet (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ
وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم) set out for Madinah. On the way, he (صَلَّى
اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم) offered the first Jumu’ah Salah in the
Masjid of the tribe Bani Salim. He then went to Madinah.
The
Beloved Prophet (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ
وَسَلَّم) has stated:
“To
offer Salah in Quba Masjid is equal to an Umrah.”
(Tirmizi,
vol. 1, p. 348, Hadith 324)
Referance:
² Wafa-ul-Wafa, vol. 1, p. 250, selected
Stay
in Madinah
When the Final Messenger of Allah (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم) arrived in Madinah,
many Ansari companions requested him to stay at their homes, but he said:
“Wherever Allah (عَزَّوَجَلَّ) wants, my (she-)
camel will sit there.”
His camel sat where Masjid al-Nabawi
is situated today. The house of Sayyiduna Ayyub Ansari (رَضِیَ اللهُ عَنْهُ) was situated nearby. Sayyiduna Abu Ayyub
Ansari (رَضِیَ اللهُ عَنْهُ) took the belongings
of the Beloved Prophet (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ
وَسَلَّم) to his home with his permission, and the Beloved Prophet (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم) stayed at his home.
Sayyiduna Abu Ayyub Ansari (رَضِیَ اللهُ عَنْهُ) had the privilege of
serving the Beloved Prophet (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ
وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم) for seven months. When Masjid al-Nabawi and its surrounding
rooms were ready, then he (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ
وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم) began to reside there with his blessed wives.
Construction
of Masjid al-Nabawi
There was no such place in Madinah
where Muslims could offer Salah with Jama’ah [i.e. congregation]; therefore, it
was very important to build a masjid there.
There was an orchard of “Banu
Najjaar” near the blessed residence of the Final Messenger of Allah (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم). That land was, in
fact, owned by two orphan children. He (صَلَّى اللهُ
عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم) called both the orphan children. They
both wanted to donate the land for the masjid, but the Final Messenger of Allah
(صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم)
did not approve it, and paid its price from the wealth of Sayyiduna Abu Bakr
Siddeeq (رَضِیَ اللهُ عَنْهُ).
Levelling the ground, the Beloved
Prophet (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم)
laid the foundation of the masjid with his own blessed hands, had a wall made
of unbaked bricks, and a roof with date leaves built on the pillars of date
trees. The roof would leak during the rain. For the construction of this
masjid, the Holy Prophet (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ
وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم) would also bring bricks along with the blessed companions.¹
Adhan was also initiated from here.
In the beginning, Sayyiduna Bilal (رَضِیَ اللهُ عَنْهُ)
would call Muslims for Salah. Then, Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Zaid Ansari (رَضِیَ اللهُ عَنْهُ) and other companions
(رَضِیَ اللهُ عَنْهُم) heard the words of
Adhan in their dream. With the command of the Beloved Prophet (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم), Sayyiduna Abdullah
bin Zaid (رَضِیَ اللهُ عَنْهُ) taught Sayyiduna
Bilal (رَضِیَ اللهُ عَنْهُ) those words, and he
started calling out the Adhan.²
The method of Shar’i Adhan was
initiated on that very day, which is still being followed, and will continue to
be followed until the Day of Judgement.
Referance:
¹ Bukhari, vol. 1, p. 165, Hadith 428 |
Mawahib-ul-Ladunniya, vol. 1, p. 156 to 161, selected and summarised
² Al-Mawahib al-Ladunniyyah, vol. 2, p. 163
Ansar
and Muhajir, Brothers of Each Other
Up till now, the total number of
Muhajireen in Madinah was 45 or 50. Their state was such that they were
destitute, and their families and wealth were all left in Makkah.
The Ansar although were very
hospitable to them, but the Muhajireen did not like to live their life by
relying upon others for a long time. Therefore, the Final Messenger of Allah (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم) resolved this matter
by establishing brotherhood between Muhajireen and Ansar, making them brothers
of each other, so that they become helpers of each other.
Therefore, after the construction of
Masjid al-Nabawi, one day, the Beloved Prophet (صَلَّى
اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم) gathered the Ansar and Muhajireen
companions at the home of Sayyiduna Anas Bin Malik (رَضِیَ
اللهُ عَنْهُ). Addressing the Ansaar, he (صَلَّى
اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم) said: “The Muhajireen are your brothers.”
Then, he (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم)
kept calling one person each from the Ansar and Muhajireen, and saying: “You
both are brothers.” As soon as the Beloved Prophet (صَلَّى
اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم) established this brotherhood, it became
absolutely like the relationship between actual brothers. Therefore, the Ansar
took their Muhajir brothers to their homes and placed one set of everything of
their home before them, and said: “As you are our brothers, half of the things
of our homes are yours and half are ours.”¹
Referance:
¹ Bukhari, vol. 2, p. 555, Hadith 3781
Change
of Qiblah
As long as the Final Messenger of
Allah (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم)
remained in Makkah, he continued to offer Salah facing the Holy Ka’bah. After
the migration, in Madinah, he would face “Bayt al-Muqaddas” in every Salah as
per the Divine commandment.
In the same state, 16 or 17 months
passed by. He (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم)
had this desire that the Holy Ka’bah be made the Qiblah. Therefore, one day,
when the Final Messenger of Allah (صَلَّى اللهُ
عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم) was leading the Zuhr Salah in the Masjid
of the Bani Salama tribe, the following revelation was revealed upon him during
the Salah:
قَدْ نَرٰى تَقَلُّبَ وَجْهِكَ فِی
السَّمَآءِۚ فَلَنُوَلِّیَنَّكَ قِبْلَةً تَرْضٰهَا ۪ فَوَلِّ وَجْهَكَ شَطْرَ
الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ
*We
are observing the turning of your face repeatedly towards the sky, so We will
definitely turn you towards that Qiblah in which you are (more) pleased. Now,
turn your face towards Masjid Haraam/Sacred Masjid (i.e. the Ka’bah).*¹
The Final Messenger of Allah (صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَسَلَّم) turned his face from
Bayt al-Muqaddas to the Holy Ka’bah during the Salah, and all the Muqtadees²
also followed him. The Masjid in which this event took place is called ‘Masjid
al-Qiblatayn’. Even today, this Masjid and both of its prayer niches exist.
This Masjid is located approximately
2 kilometres away from Madinah towards the Northwest. The same event is called
“Tahweel al-Qiblah”. The Jews and hypocrites were greatly troubled due to
Tahweel al-Qiblah.³
Referance:
¹ [Kanz-ul-Iman (translation of Quran)] (Part 2, Surah
Al-Baqarah, Verse 144)
² Those offering salah behind the Imam.
³ Madarij-un-Nubuwwat, part 3, chapter 2, vol. 2, p. 73,
summarised
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